AI or artificial intelligence is an entirely new world of modern technologies. We have seen lots of features of artificial intelligence in different Hollywood movies. Jarvis from Iron-Man is one of the most outstanding examples of top-notch AI. There are four different types of artificial intelligence available. These current intelligent systems can handle vast amounts of data and make complex calculations very quickly. But they lack an element that will be key to building the sentient machines we picture having in the future. It would be best if you overcome the boundaries that define the four different artificial intelligence types, the barriers that separate devices from us – and us from them. Here are the four types of AI and their features. The four artificial intelligence types are Reactive Machines, Limited Memory, Theory of Mind, and Self Aware.
Reactive machines artificial intelligence
The most basic types of artificial intelligence systems are purely reactive. It can neither form memories nor use past experiences to inform current decisions. Deep Blue, IBM’s chess-playing supercomputer, which beat international grandmaster Garry Kasparov in the late 1990s, is the perfect example of this machine type. Deep Blue can identify the pieces on a chessboard and know how each moves. It can make predictions about what moves might be next for it and its opponent. And it can choose the most optimal activities from among the possibilities.
But it neither has any concept of the past nor any memory of what has happened before. Apart from a rarely used chess-specific rule against repeating the same move three times, Deep Blue ignores everything before the present moment. All it does is look at the pieces on the chessboard as it stands right now and choose from possible next moves. Static machine learning models are reactive machines. Their architecture is the simplest, and they can be found on GitHub reputations across the web. These models can be downloaded, traded, passed around, and loaded into a developer’s toolkit with ease.
However, this type of intelligence involves the computer perceiving the world directly and acting on what it sees. It doesn’t rely on an internal concept of the world. In a seminal paper, AI researcher Rodney Brooks argued that we should only build machines like this. His main reason was that people are not very good at programming real simulated worlds for computers to use, called in AI scholarship a “representation” of the world.
Limited memory artificial intelligence
Limited memory types of artificial intelligence referred to an A.I.’s ability to store previous data and predictions, using that data to make better predictions. With Limited Memory, machine learning architecture becomes a little more complicated. Every machine learning model requires limited memory, but the model can deploy as a reactive machine type.
The Type II class contains machines that can look into the past. Self-driving cars do some of this already. For example, they observe other cars’ speed and direction. That can’t happen in just one moment but requires identifying specific objects and monitoring them over time.
These observations are for the self-driving automated cars’ preprogrammed representations of the world, including lane markings, traffic lights, and other essential elements, like curves in the road. They’re included when the car decides when to change lanes to avoid cutting off another driver or being hit by a nearby vehicle.
There are three types of machine learning processes for Limited Memory. Those are:
Reinforcement learning
Long Short Term Memory (LSTMs), and
Evolutionary Generative Adversarial Networks (E-GAN)
Theory of Mind
Machines in the next, more advanced class form representations about the world and other agents or entities in the world. In psychology, this is called the “theory of mind” – the understanding that people, creatures, and objects in the world can have thoughts and emotions that affect their behavior.
It is crucial to how humans formed societies because they allowed people to have social interactions. Without understanding each other’s motives and intentions and without considering what somebody else knows either about me or the environment, working together is at best difficult, at worst impossible.
Presently, machine learning models do a lot for a person-directed at achieving a task. Current models have a one-way relationship with A.I. Alexa and Siri bow to every command. Therefore, If you angrily yell at Google Maps to take you in another direction, it does not offer emotional support and say, “This is the fastest direction. Who may I call and inform you will be late?” Google Maps, instead, continues to return the same traffic reports and ETAs that it had already shown and has no concern for your distress.
Self-aware artificial intelligence
It is one of the most advanced types of artificial intelligence in today’s world. This is the final step of AI development to build systems that can form representations about themselves. Ultimately, your AI researchers will have to not only understand consciousness but build machines that have it.
However, this is, in a sense, an extension of the “theory of mind” possessed by Type III artificial bits of intelligence. Consciousness is also popular as “self-awareness” for a reason. Conscious beings are aware of themselves, know about their internal states, and predict others’ feelings. We assume someone honking behind us in traffic is angry or impatient because that’s how we feel when we honk at others. Without a theory of mind, we could not make those sorts of inferences.
Finally, someday in the future, perhaps A.I. achieves nirvana. It becomes self-aware. This kind of A.I. exists only in the story and, as stories often do, instills both immense amounts of hope and fear into audiences. A self-aware intelligence beyond the human has an independent intelligence, and likely, people will have to negotiate terms with the entity is created. What happens, good or bad, is anyone’s guess.
Therefore, these are the four main types of artificial intelligence. Apart from them, there are some other artificial intelligence types such as Artificial Narrow Intelligence, Artificial General Intelligence, and Artificial Super Intelligence.
